8,450 research outputs found
Strain sensing based on radiative emission-absorption mechanism using dye-doped polymer optical fiber
A stress sensor based on a dye-doped polymeric optical fiber is able to detect stress by simple comparison of two luminescence peaks from a pair of energy transfer organic dyes. Coumarin 540A (donor) and Rhodamine 6G (acceptor) were doped in the core and cladding of the fiber, respectively. For various laser wavelengths, the change in the near-field pattern and visible emission spectrum upon variation in the fiber bending diameter was evaluated. From a comparison with a low-numerical-aperture fiber, it is shown that the sensitivity of the sensor is controllable by optimization of the waveguide parameters
Spin Dynamics of Double-Exchange Manganites with Magnetic Frustration
This work examines the effects of magnetic frustration due to competing
ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic Heisenberg interactions on the spin
dynamics of the double-exchange model. When the local moments are non-colinear,
a charge-density wave forms because the electrons prefer to sit on lines of
sites that are coupled ferromagnetically. With increasing hopping energy, the
local spins become aligned and the average spin-wave stiffness increases. Phase
separation is found only within a narrow range of hopping energies. Results of
this work are applied to the field-induced jump in the spin-wave stiffness
observed in the manganite PrCaMnO with .Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
A Monte Carlo Method for Fermion Systems Coupled with Classical Degrees of Freedom
A new Monte Carlo method is proposed for fermion systems interacting with
classical degrees of freedom. To obtain a weight for each Monte Carlo sample
with a fixed configuration of classical variables, the moment expansion of the
density of states by Chebyshev polynomials is applied instead of the direct
diagonalization of the fermion Hamiltonian. This reduces a cpu time to scale as
compared to for the
diagonalization in the conventional technique; is the dimension
of the Hamiltonian. Another advantage of this method is that parallel
computation with high efficiency is possible. These significantly save total
cpu times of Monte Carlo calculations because the calculation of a Monte Carlo
weight is the bottleneck part. The method is applied to the double-exchange
model as an example. The benchmark results show that it is possible to make a
systematic investigation using a system-size scaling even in three dimensions
within a realistic cpu timescale.Comment: 6 pages including 4 figure
Tunneling splitting of magnetic levels in Fe8 detected by 1H NMR cross relaxation
Measurements of proton NMR and the spin lattice relaxation rate 1/T1 in the
octanuclear iron (III) cluster [Fe8(N3C6H15)6O2(OH)12][Br8 9H2O], in short Fe8,
have been performed at 1.5 K in a powder sample aligned along the main
anisotropy z axis, as a function of a transverse magnetic field (i.e.,
perpendicular to the main easy axis z). A big enhancement of 1/T1 is observed
over a wide range of fields (2.5-5 T), which can be attributed to the tunneling
dynamics; in fact, when the tunneling splitting of the pairwise degenerate
m=+-10 states of the Fe8 molecule becomes equal to the proton Larmor frequency
a very effective spin lattice relaxation channel for the nuclei is opened. The
experimental results are explained satisfactorily by considering the
distribution of tunneling splitting resulting from the distribution of the
angles in the hard xy plane for the aligned powder, and the results of the
direct diagonalization of the model Hamiltonian.Comment: J. Appl. Phys., in pres
Double Exchange in a Magnetically Frustrated System
This work examines the magnetic order and spin dynamics of a double-exchange
model with competing ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic Heisenberg
interactions between the local moments. The Heisenberg interactions are
periodically arranged in a Villain configuration in two dimensions with
nearest-neighbor, ferromagnetic coupling and antiferromagnetic coupling
. This model is solved at zero temperature by performing a
expansion in the rotated reference frame of each local moment.
When exceeds a critical value, the ground state is a magnetically
frustrated, canted antiferromagnet. With increasing hopping energy or
magnetic field , the local moments become aligned and the ferromagnetic
phase is stabilized above critical values of or . In the canted phase, a
charge-density wave forms because the electrons prefer to sit on lines of sites
that are coupled ferromagnetically. Due to a change in the topology of the
Fermi surface from closed to open, phase separation occurs in a narrow range of
parameters in the canted phase. In zero field, the long-wavelength spin waves
are isotropic in the region of phase separation. Whereas the average spin-wave
stiffness in the canted phase increases with or , it exhibits a more
complicated dependence on field. This work strongly suggests that the jump in
the spin-wave stiffness observed in PrCaMnO with at a field of 3 T is caused by the delocalization of the electrons rather
than by the alignment of the antiferromagnetic regions.Comment: 28 pages, 12 figure
Magneto-hydrodynamic Simulations of a Jet Drilling an HI Cloud: Shock Induced Formation of Molecular Clouds and Jet Breakup
The formation mechanism of the jet-aligned CO clouds found by NANTEN CO
observations is studied by magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) simulations taking into
account the cooling of the interstellar medium. Motivated by the association of
the CO clouds with the enhancement of HI gas density, we carried out MHD
simulations of the propagation of a supersonic jet injected into the dense HI
gas. We found that the HI gas compressed by the bow shock ahead of the jet is
cooled down by growth of the cooling instability triggered by the density
enhancement. As a result, cold dense sheath is formed around the interface
between the jet and the HI gas. The radial speed of the cold, dense gas in the
sheath is a few km/s almost independent of the jet speed. Molecular clouds can
be formed in this region. Since the dense sheath wrapping the jet reflects
waves generated in the cocoon, the jet is strongly perturbed by the vortices of
the warm gas in the cocoon, which breaks up the jet and forms a secondary shock
in the HI-cavity drilled by the jet. The particle acceleration at the shock can
be the origin of radio and X-ray filaments observed near the eastern edge of
W50 nebula surrounding the galactic jet source SS433.Comment: 30 pages, 16 figure
Quantum Monte Carlo study of the transverse-field Ising model on a frustrated checkerboard lattice
We present the numerical results for low temperature behavior of the
transverse-field Ising model on a frustrated checkerboard lattice, with focus
on the effect of both quantum and thermal fluctuations. Applying the
recently-developed continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo algorithm, we compute
the magnetization and susceptibility down to extremely low temperatures while
changing the magnitude of both transverse and longitudinal magnetic fields.
Several characteristic behaviors are observed, which were not inferred from the
previously studied quantum order from disorder at zero temperature, such as a
horizontal-type stripe ordering at a substantial longitudinal field and a
persistent critical behavior down to low temperature in a weak longitudinal
field region.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in J. Phys.: Conf. Se
Effective action approach to strongly correlated fermion systems
We construct a new functional for the single particle Green's function, which
is a variant of the standard Baym Kadanoff functional.
The stability of the stationary solutions to the new functional is directly
related to aspects of the irreducible particle hole interaction through the
Bethe Salpeter equation.
A startling aspect of this functional is that it allows a simple and rigorous
derivation of both the standard and extended dynamical mean field (DMFT)
equations as stationary conditions. Though the DMFT equations were formerly
obtained only in the limit of infinite lattice coordination, the new functional
described in the work, presents a way of directly extending DMFT to finite
dimensional systems, both on a lattice and in a continuum. Instabilities of the
stationary solution at the bifurcation point of the functional, signal the
appearance of a zero mode at the Mott transition which then couples t o
physical quantities resulting in divergences at the transition.Comment: 9 page
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